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Open Access for Authors. For example, non-Jews who correctly answer at least three of the four multiple-choice questions about the Holocaust rate Jews at a relatively warm 67 degrees on the feeling thermometer, on average. By comparison, non-Jews who correctly answer one question or less including those who get none right rate their feelings toward Jews at 58 degrees, on average.
These are among the key findings of a survey conducted online Feb. The margin of sampling error for the full sample is plus or minus 1.
In addition to the 32 questions about religious topics, the survey included five factual questions to test knowledge of the Holocaust: one open-ended question and four multiple-choice questions. The four multiple-choice questions also were included in a separate survey of approximately 1, U.
Overall, the teens display lower levels of knowledge about the Holocaust than their elders do. Like the adults, however, teens fare best on the questions about when the Holocaust occurred and what ghettos were. About half or more of teens answer those questions correctly.
See here for details. The Holocaust knowledge questions were designed to measure some basic facts about the Holocaust, including when it happened and who it involved. However, the questions were not meant to include all of the most essential facts about the Holocaust. In response, two-thirds say the Holocaust refers to the attempted annihilation of the Jewish people, or words to that effect, mentioning the mass murder of Jews.
This group also includes some respondents who reference Hitler, concentration camps, World War II, Nazis or persecution in general without mentioning Jews specifically. One-in-ten decline to answer the question. Overall, the average respondent correctly answers about half 2. Jews 3. These groups also rank among those with the highest levels of overall religious knowledge.
Nearly nine-in-ten U. Jews are more likely than atheists and agnostics to know how many Jews were killed in the Holocaust. In addition to religious affiliation, several other factors are associated with how much Americans know about the Holocaust. For example, college graduates get an average of 2. Another factor linked with how much Americans know about the Holocaust is whether respondents have ever visited a Holocaust memorial or museum.
By comparison, those who have never visited a Holocaust memorial or museum answer 2. The survey included a question that asked respondents whether they personally know someone who is Jewish. Compared with those who say they do not know anyone who is Jewish, Americans who know a Jewish person answer about one additional question right, on average 2.
Included are detailed reports of mass shootings and gassings. Some 3, documents on the destruction of Europe's Jewish community by the Nazis were, in fact, presented by the prosecution before war crimes tribunals at Nuremberg.
The first-hand testimony of survivors who lived through the horrors of the death camps as well as the reports and confessions by the perpetrators leave little doubt as to the nature of Hitler's "Final Solution. Allied officers and troops were sickened by what they saw at sites of slaughter they had just liberated. It is important to note, that no Nazi war crimes suspect who stood trial in the post- war years for their misdeeds ever claimed that the crimes of which they were accused were fictional.
They instead argued that they were "only following orders. Johnson of the California Superior Court, took judicial notice of the Holocaust ruling that, "The Holocaust is not reasonably subject to dispute. It is capable of immediate and accurate determination by resort to resources of reasonable indisputable accuracy. It is simply a fact. It is true that Germany had fewer than , Jews when Hitler came to power in The majority of Jews murdered by the Nazis, however, did not live in Germany.
They resided in the countries which Germany invaded during the war, especially Poland and areas of the former Soviet Union, where millions of Jews once made their homes. In fact, the Protocol of the Wannsee Conference Jan. The 6 million figure can be demonstrated by comparing Europe's Jewish population before and after the war.
Even after making allowances for those who fled Europe and others who could be expected to die due to natural causes, there are nearly 6,, people who cannot be accounted for.
Authentic German documents confirm the slaughter of Jews in the millions. The famous "Korherr Report" named after Richard Korherr, chief statistician for the SS puts the number of Jewish losses at more than 2,, by the end of alone. The war in Europe would not end until May, On the basis of wartime statistical reports on ghettos, concentration camps and mass murder operations carried out by the Nazis, historian and international jurist, Jacob Robinson, arrived at a figure of 5,, German historian, Helmut Krausnick, put the number of Jewish losses nearer to seven million.
While the exact figure will never be known, scholars of the Holocaust find the rounded-off figure of six million to be in line with all the evidence. The Red Cross never issued such a statistic, nor has it offered any estimate of the number of victims who perished in the camps.
In its bulletin of February 1, , the Red Cross declared that it had never compiled, much less published such statistics. The , figure was actually taken from the Swiss paper, "Die Tat", in This estimate, however, was only a figure for the number of Germans who perished in the concentration camps. No mention of any Red Cross figures, however, was ever made by the paper.
Despite the obvious deception, Holocaust deniers continue to peddle it, hoping that few people will actually check the sources. Nazi policy towards the Jews was emigration, not extermination.
From the beginning, the Nazis made no secret of their goal of creating a "Jew-free" Germany and Europe. One of the earliest methods was, indeed, forced emigration. But on November 10, , precise instructions from Berlin to kill the Jews in his area were received by Higher SS and police leader, Friedrich Jeckeln from Berlin, stating, that pursuant to the Fuehrer's order, Jews would no longer be allowed "to emigrate", instead they would be "evacuated".
In the Spring of , 1, mental patients had been transferred from sanitoriums in Eastern Prussia for "evacuation" near the Soldau concentration camp. They were never heard from again. The Nazis attempted to hide their intentions by the use of codewords. Despite the attempts at deception, Victor Brack, one of the chief architects of Hitler's "euthanasia" experiments testified to the war crimes tribunal at Nuremberg, that it was no secret among the Nazi hierarchy that "the Jews were to be exterminated.
This is true. Hitler was not about to repeat the mistake he had made earlier when he initialed his "euthanasia order," condemning over 70, German mental patients to death at so-called "charitable care facilities" such as Hadamar and Grafineck. Ironically, the first victims of Nazi gassings were actually non-Jewish Germans. Popular protest which threatened his popularity, eventually forced Hitler to abandon his euthanasia experiment, or at least take it underground.
Never again would Hitler initial any document connecting himself to mass killings. Nevertheless, historians have been able to establish with convincing certainty that the order to exterminate millions of Jews came directly from Hitler. He was informed by his superior, Hinrich Lohse, that it was "the Fuehrer's wish. The Fuehrer has placed the execution of this difficult order on my shoulders.
On October 25, a directive addressed to Hinrich Lohse regarding the use of special "gassing vans", came by way of German judge, Dr. Erhard Wetzel.
Wetzel had been summoned to the Chancellery and informed that the directive he was to prepare was, in fact, a "Fuehrer order. Zyklon B was a fumigant.
It wasn't a practical agent for mass murder. Ordinarily, Zyklon B a hydrogen cyanide preparation was used as an insecticide. Hydrogen cyanide, however, is actually more dangerous to humans than insects. When the level of HCN reaches only parts per million, it will kill a person within a few minutes.
The amount of hydrogen cyanide required to kill a person of average weight is only 60 mg. Because Zyklon was, in fact, so toxic, its manufacturers warned personnel not to reenter a room fumigated with the gas for 20 hours after airing. In addition, a compound was added to the preparation emitting a powerful, intolerable odor - a warning agent that the gas was present.
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