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In , the Congress of the United States decided to measure the land that had not been surveyed before by the English, the French or the Spaniards and for this purpose created a new system which until now has remained unique in the world: The United States Land Survey. Also called the Township and Range System It consists in using geographic parallels the straight lines paralleled to the Equator and the meridians the straight lines from the North to the South Pole.
The parallels would be divided at six-mile intervals, called townships, the meridians also at six-mile intervals, called the ranges. The surface between the intersections would be squares named townships, the congressional townships having an area of thirty-six miles square.
However, since meridians are not exactly parallel lines as they meet at the poles, the townships have not equal areas but, in the same range, decrease towards the North. To avoid great discrepancies, correction lines have been established, north of which townships are exactly six miles wide and south of which townships are somewhat narrower.
The methods used to survey land is largely unknown to the general public. But, the Wisconsin Public Land Survey Records: Original Field Notes and Plat Maps site offers a complete explanation of this method as well as access to the original field notes and maps compiled by the surveyors. When the Land Survey was organized a number of parallels were designated as Base lines and a number of meridians as Principal meridians. Townships are numbered for each state, starting at the intersection of base line and principal meridian.
In Wisconsin, the Base Line is the boundary between the state and Illinois so that there are no township South. It was made up from 20 townships 4 townships by 5 townships. Portage's county seat is located in Ravena. Although at the time, that choice was in doubt when Aaron Olmstead, one of the original proprietors in Franklin Township, made the offer of providing a the land and the funds necessary to erect a county courthouse if the county seat could be located in Franklin Mills later named Kent instead of Ravena.
Having made that offer and comfortable in the fact that it would be accepted, Olmstead made a trip back east where he unexpectedly died before he could return to Franklin Mills.
This made his offer a moot point and so Ravena was accepted as the county seat without further discussion. The name of Portage is a French term used to mean the act of carrying a canoe from one point to another where it could not otherwise go. The location of Portage County is located near where there was an Indian trail that was known in English terms as Indian Portage Path which ran between the Cuyahoga and Tuscarawas Rivers for a distance of about 8 miles. As counties frequently changed boundaries when new counties were added, the original Indian path is no longer located in Portage County, but instead is located in Summit County.
One of the first acts authorized by the county board commissioners after they nominated a secretary, was to authorize a bounty for every wolf or panther killed! Today there is still an abundance of wildlife in Portage County, but nothing like it was back in
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